Date of Award

5-2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)

Department

School of Business

First Advisor

Dr. Paul M. Shelton

Second Advisor

Dr. Brad Jensen

Third Advisor

Dr. Dirk Barram

Abstract

This study examined sustainability awareness, adoption, and needs of retail small businesses on Hawaiʻi Island, specifically in the retail trade and accommodation and food services sectors. It began by determining sustainability awareness of small businesses, as perceived by owner or manager representatives. The study proceeded by exploring sustainable practice adoption differences based on residency, location setting (i.e., urban vs. rural), and industry sector, then sought to determine whether a positive correlation existed between the size of small businesses (i.e., by number of employees) and the adoption of sustainable practices, and if there was a negative correlation between the years of ownership and sustainable practice adoption. The research employed quantitative analysis, including chi-square tests, t tests, Pearson correlation, and Cohen’s d, to evaluate the statistical significance and effect or magnitude of these factors on sustainable business practices. Data were gathered from November 2024 through January 2025. Findings revealed that differences and correlations between sustainability adoption and residency status, location setting, industry, business size, and years of ownership were statistically insignificant, with only a few small exceptions. The general lack of substantial variation among the breadth of factors and the adoption of sustainable practices suggested sustainability efforts among small businesses on Hawaiʻi Island remained in the early stages of development, with broad similarities across sectors and demographics and only a few minor differences. Despite these findings, strong support was expressed for triple bottom line sustainability and the use of local resources, indicating a high level of commitment and potential for future progress. This study highlighted the importance of collaborative efforts among policymakers, industry leaders, and community stakeholders in overcoming barriers to the adoption of sustainable practices. It underscored the need for financial incentives, infrastructure investments, and targeted guidance to accelerate sustainable change. By fostering partnerships and reducing barriers, Hawaiʻi Island can create a more resilient, sustainable economy where small businesses contribute meaningfully to environmental stewardship, cultural preservation, and long-term economic stability.

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